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- Economy
-
- Overview: One of the world's poorest nations, Laos has had
- a Communist centrally planned economy with government ownership
- and control of productive enterprises of any size. Recently,
- however, the government has been decentralizing control
- and encouraging private enterprise. Laos is a landlocked
- country with a primitive infrastructure, that is, it has
- no railroads, a rudimentary road system, limited external
- and internal telecommunications, and electricity available
- in only a limited area. Subsistence agriculture is the main
- occupation, accounting for over 60% of GDP and providing
- about 85-90% of total employment. The predominant crop is
- rice. For the foreseeable future the economy will continue
- to depend for its survival on foreign aid--from CEMA, IMF,
- and other international sources.
-
- GDP: $585 million, per capita $150; real growth rate 3%
- (1989 est.).
-
- Inflation rate (consumer prices): 35% (1989 est.).
-
- Unemployment rate: 15% (1989 est.).
-
- Budget: revenues $71 million; expenditures $198 million,
- including capital expenditures of $132 million (1988 est.).
-
- Exports: $57.5 million (f.o.b., 1989 est.); commodities--
- electricity, wood products, coffee, tin; partners--Thailand,
- Malaysia, Vietnam, USSR, US.
-
- Imports: $219 million (c.i.f., 1989 est.); commodities--food,
- fuel oil, consumer goods, manufactures; partners--Thailand,
- USSR, Japan, France, Vietnam.
-
- External debt: $964 million (1989 est.).
-
- Industrial production: growth rate 8% (1989 est.).
-
- Electricity: 176,000 kW capacity; 900 million kWh produced,
- 225 kWh per capita (1989).
-
- Industries: tin mining, timber, electric power, agricultural
- processing.
-
- Agriculture: accounts for 60% of GDP and employs most of
- the work force; subsistence farming predominates; normally
- self-sufficient; principal crops--rice (80% of cultivated
- land), potatoes, vegetables, coffee, sugarcane, cotton.
-
- Illicit drugs: illicit producer of cannabis and opium poppy
- for the international drug trade; production of cannabis
- increased in 1989; marijuana and heroin are shipped to Western
- countries, including the US.
-
- Aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-79), $276 million;
- Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
- (1970-87), $468 million; Communist countries (1970-88),
- $895 million.
-
- Currency: new kip (plural--kips); 1 new kip (NK) = 100 at.
-
- Exchange rates: new kips (NK) per US$1--700 (December 1989),
- 725 (1989), 350 (1988), 200 (1987), 108 (1986), 95 (1985).
-
- Fiscal year: 1 July-30 June.
-